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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

R. S. WATSON.

BOILER FOR HOUSE WARMING APPARATUS.

No. 344,699. I Patented June 29, 1886.

AT Es IWEN OR v .oz 4 g/fmfim (No Model.) 2 sheets-sheet 2.

' R. S. WATSON.

BOILER FOR HOUSE WARMING APPARATUS. No. 344,699.

Patented June 29, 1886.

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ROBERT S. \VATSON, OF BAY CITY, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR OF TWO-THIRDS TO BENJAMIN J. IVATSON AND MICHAEL GARLAND, BOTH OF SAME PLACE.

BOILER FOR HOUSE WARMING APPARATUS.

frZPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 3 M,699, dated June 29,1886.

Application filed August 22, 1885. Serial No. 175,053.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROBERT S. WATsoN, of Bay City, in the county of Bay and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and use 5 ful Improvements in Boilers for House-Varming Apparatus; and I do hereby declare that the following is afull, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this IO application.

My invention relates to that class of steamboilers which is designed to be used preferably with steam at a low pressure, andfor the purpose of heating (by steam supplied to radi- I 5 ators located in the apartments) the interiors of dwellings and other buildings, and has for its main objects to provide for use a steamboiler or steam-generating apparatus of this type, which shall be exceedingly simple and i durable in its construction, easily managed,

efficient in its operations, and at the same time capable of producing a maximum amount of steam-generation with a minimum consumption of fuel. 5

tion consists in the novel features of construction which will be hereinafter fully described, and which will be most particularly defined and pointed out in the claims of this specification.

To enable those skilled in the art to which my invention relates to fully understand and practice the same, Iwill now proceed to fully describe the construction and operation of a steam-generator for housewarming purposes embracing my invention, referring by letters to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, and in which I have shown my invention carried out in that form in which I have so far successfully practiced it, and which is the best now known to me.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical central section (in a plane running from front to rear) of a steam boiler or generator made according to .my invention. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on aplane indicated by the line 00 a: of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 isa partial vertical sectionat the line y y of Fig. 1, showing the con- To these main ends and objects my inven- H (No model.)

struction of the feedchute of the f urnace and its relationship to the dome of the boiler.

Inthe several figures the same part will be found designated by the same letter of referonce.

A is the fire box or chamber of the boiler surrounded by a water jacket or space, E, of the form clearly shown, and N is the grate on which the fire is made, and which. is of a pcculiar construction, to be presently described.

E is the dome or uppermost portion of the boiler, in which the steam generated over the top surface of the contained water collects, and from which it passes off through the steam-pipe G,to supply the radiators,in a manner well understood by those skilled in the art. This dome E, as clearly shown, is preferably cylindrical in contour, (like the water-space B surrounding the fire chamber,) and has about the same diameter as that of the lowermost orbase portion of said water-space B, and is located some distance above the top of said portion B of the boiler.

Surrounding the thinner portion of the water space or jacket B are a double series of tubes, 1), the lower ends of which communicate with the base portion of the water-space B, and the upper ends of which communicate with the dome E, all as clearly shown.

0 represents another series of pipes which also communicate at their upper ends with the dome Rand at their ends with the extreme 8c upper portion of the water space or jacket B; but which are arranged,as shown,t:o converge at their upper ends,so that the ascending pro ducts of combustion will impinge on the surfaces of said tubes to greater extent than if they were arranged vertically, and which also act in a measure, by reason of the obliquity shown, to deflect the ascending currents of heat and make them act more intensely on the bottom of the dome portion E of the boiler.

M is a jacket, )referably of sheet-iron, cylindrical in form, and of a diameter a little greater than that of the dome portion E. Said jacket has its upper edge arranged H just beneath and in contact with the fiangedannular 5 rim c of the dome E,'and its lower edge placed Beneath the grate-bars is formed, as usual, a

suitable ash-pit,;c,w'liich eXten'ds for-wardiand;

is provided with adoor, 1 that is opened and closed automatically (by means to be presently' described) for the-purpose ofregulating the draft and thus controlling the fire.

H is a vertical pipe" rising frtm tramp of the dome E, (preferably near the back part at the*li()iler,)and p'r-ovided at its-upper'endwith a s'afety or blew-on: valve-I1 fr'omthe gltibiila-hchamlienofi which latter" e'x tends a pmantwnww serves to cart'y' on" into the smoke-flue or chimney-pipe M of the boiler any'steam'bwwmoffi at the-saidsafety val-ve. 2 5 F is the feed-water orsupp'ly pipeot the boiler, through which the boil'er maybe-fed from any desired s"ounce of su pply,- and it is provide as sho'v'vn at F; w it'h a valve OII Step en-en.- a p b 1? prefer rouse iu con'nect'ioii" w-ith the boiler a sup'ply-t ank, which can be supplied preferably with soft'm rain water,-(that-will noti be apt to 'scaleup' the -boiler',) and which: should of coursebe pla'ced high enough to get the requisite pressure or'head to-feed wit-h".

Asfour' or five -p'ou'nds-ofi stea'nr wn-r be the desirablepressure atwhichto'run" the boiler, siktoei'ght' poundspressure or head t-o-thefeed water supplywur be sufiici'ent':

J isa glass" tube connected-at its np'per and lower ends with tubes ruiiningihto the dome E at 'levels'respectively below and above the water-level} the said glassJ thus serving, in a weli known mahher, as'an indicator toal wafiys show the conditioner level of the w ate'r in th'e boiler. v

liroiii the froht w-allof tlie'dome portionE o'f theboi-ler' extends outwardly and then up wardly'a' pipe,-I,:which has' combined with its upper end the well k now n' means of a'-' flexible diapliragn1 device; I, and a weighted lever provided at I with regul'ation-weights; andconnected att'he other end by a*'s'wivel ,-1

with a descending chain; c, the low-er end of whibhfisffast'enedto the door-l of' the ash pi't ahd draft-passage. As usual, a'riy unduedecrease irr the stean'rpressure willuiapnra m to partially collapse, thus letting the weighfied end of the lever godbwn-and the other end 11' ';g(s as to pull i'nthe chain c and openthedra'ft-door I5 mereor less;)'aiid as than as the increased generanongteausedby openihgthe draft-doorandstarting tbbrighten up the firetshall have sufficiently raised the steahi pressiire of theboilei the expansibn of thefiei'ible diaphragm wiirrestore the weight ermiti the" 3 ed lever to its original condition, thus per- ;mitt'ihg thefdi-aftdoorl to again' close by gravity; The boiler is inclosed, as shown,

within a casing or surrounding of brick-work, 7o 'within'which (and exteriorly of the sheet-iron jacket M and the top of dome E) are formed siiit'able' spacesand passage-waysfor" the unconsumed products of combustion to pass off to the exit flue or pipe M". I

The arrows at Fig. 1 indicate the general direction of the currents of heat, smoke, and =gases,="a]nd an observation-of the drawings will show that the products of combustion ascending from the fire in the chamber A strike :against the under surface of the dome E, and impinging against the convergent set of tubes '0 thoroughly heat them, and passing between 'said tubes go in a partially-horizontal direction toward anda'gainst the upper endsof the tverticaltubesDj that the heat and gaseshave lthen' to descendwith-inthe cylindrical jacket M andin'con'tactwith all the tubes" D; and also in Contact with the exterior wall of the ithinlierportionof the water-space D,uiiti1 t-he ioutermost portionof the mass of descending gheat and other products" comes" into contact iwit-hand is inwardly deflected by the annulus or cast-iron rim M, after which thwhbl'e lmass escapes-outwardly beneath the rim M land thence passes upwardly outside of" the jacket M and within thespaces or fiues' M fo'r riied within the brick -work It will be seen*that in a cont'rivance thus organized and operatiingno portion of'the boiler-surfaces Epropcn are exposedgso as to loseany heat c'apable or increasing the st'eamgenerating ?capacity of theapparatus; at'ndfitwillben'nde'rstood that by reason of the convergent arrangement ofthe tubes" 0, and'theconstructt ion and arrangement'show'n' ofthe water-surironnded fire cha'mber, the encircling seriesof tubes D and the surrounding jacket M,- with i its d'efleetbr-riin' M located as described'flittle' ioi 'no waste'ot the heat" produced by the fire manmc'cu'r; I l Ktsuitable points aronnd the furnace-incl'osure of brick-work, at the'level ofthecircular space betwween the rim-plate M andthe lower ends of the'tnbes D,-I have several doors f,- which may be'openedat pleasure't'o afford eas'y access t o the interior for the'purpose of readilyrentiovi'ng any collection of dust or time ashesdeposited round about the lower ends 4 of said tubes and on top {of the water-space-B, which deposit might (in time) impair the proper action of theseportions ofthe'boiler. To insur'e freer' and-fuller access-of the heat toall' 'p'ortibiisot the base 'ofthed'ome portion E, I- make-the cast-iron chute Ltwithjou't any i top; (except nearit'souter end,)or, in other w o rds, -forfril it' of only a bottom'and twosides, ias best'seen at Fig'. 5; so that the'productsof combustion-' entering the inner end of said tehute cam strike" against and operate'on the tottom of the'do'me'E: I

Of course many variations in the details of construction of my improved steam-generating apparatus may be made without materially changing its principles of construction or mode of operation, and all such variations would come within the scope of my alleged invention.

What I claim as new in the apparatus shown and described, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In combination with the cylindrical jacket or waterspace B and the upper water and steam receptacle or dome, E, constructed without any fire-fines, the series of cylindrical tubes 0, arranged convergently, as specified, and connecting the base of the receptacle E with the upper part of the jacket 13, the whole arranged and operating together in the manner and for the purposes set forth.

2. In combination with the water space or jacket B, the dome E, and a series of tubes (preferably arranged obliquely) connecting the lower portion of the dome with the upper part of the jacket, a series of tubes, D, surrounding the fire-chamber and its jacket and connecting the base of the latter with the water-space of the dome, the whole arranged to operate substantially as set forth.

3. In combination with the lower waterspace, E, the upper water and steam receptacle or dome, E, and the tubes D, which con nect the said two port-ions of the boiler, as specified, a cylindrical jacket, M depending from the upper portion of the dome E, and

surrounding both it and the tubes, the whole constructed and operating, as specified, so that the products of combustion first ascend in contact with the tubes and around the sides of the dome E, and are thence forced to pass downwardly, then upwardly outside of the said jacket, and thence over the top of the dome to the chimney.

4. The combination,with the boiler portions B and E, the series of connecting-tubes D, and the surrounding j acket M, of an annular plate, M", arranged some distance above the base portion of the water-space B, as specified, and operating, as described, to deflect a portion of the descending currents of hot air, Ste, in the manner shown and described.

5. A feed-chute or coal-slide, L made open at the top, as shown and described, and com bined with the fire-chamber A, dome E, and tubes D in a manner to permit the products of combustion ascending from the fire to pass freely into and up through said chute, and into contact with the bottom of the dome E.

6. In combination with a boiler having a water-space, B, an upper portion, E, a series of tubes, D, and surrounding brick-work, forming air-spaces within said brick-work and exteriorly of the tubes D, a series of passages and doors arranged, as specified, to afford access to the lower portions of the tubes D and the top plate of the base portion of B, for the purpose of thoroughly cleaning said parts, as hereinbefore explained.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 8th day of August, 1885.

ROBERT S. WVATSON,

In presence of-- W. J. McOoRMIcK, W. G. WrLMo'r. 

